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Association Between Harmful Oral Habits and Sign and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Among Adolescents
Author: Vaibhav Motghare, Jayaprakash Kumar, Shivalingesh Kamate, Sumedha Kushwaha, Richa Anand, Neha Gupta, Bhuvandeep Gupta, and Ishan Singh
Journal Name: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
Volume: 2015 Aug; 9(8): ZC45–ZC48
Abstract:
Abstract
Context
Temporomandibular disorder (TDM) is defined as a heterogenous group of psychophysiological disorders commonly characterised by orofacial pain, chewing dysfunction or both. Various Epidemiological studies had shown occurrence of TMD in all age groups including children. Also research had shown that non nutritional oral habits to be associated with TMD.
Aim
Present study aimed to find whether harmful oral habits are associated with sign and symptoms of TMD among adolescents in Greater Noida.
Setting and Design
Schools in Gautam Buddha district and descriptive study.
Materials and Methods
Cross sectional study was carried out among 240 adolescents (10 – 19 years) studying in schools of Greater Noida. Study population were selected by random sampling to whom screening questionnaires recommended by American Academy of Orofacial Pain (AAOP) were distributed. Patient history and clinical examination was used to determine harmful oral habits. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 21 and Chi-square test was applied.
Results
Sixty one participants (25.4%) displayed no sign and symptoms of TMD, 34 (14.2%) responded affirmatively to atleast one item on the questionnaire and 108(46%) gave at least three affirmative responses. Headache, Neckpain and Toothache were most frequent reported sign and symptoms of TMD (46.2%). There was statistically significant association between gender and sign and symptoms of TMD on three items of the questionnaire (p < 0.05). Nail Biting (45.8%), Biting Lips/objects (37%) were most common habits among the study group. There was statistically significant association between Nail Biting (p = 0.001), Lip Biting/ object biting (p=0.001), Grinding of teeth (p = 0.01) and sign and symptoms of TMD.
Conclusion
A statistically significant association was found between nail biting, lip/ object biting and grinding of teeth with signs and/or symptoms of TMD. Thus there is need for preventive dental treatment and community dental education so that young adults realize importance of early diagnosis and treatment of TMJ disorders.
Anxiety Levels among Five-Year-Old Children Undergoing ART Restoration- A Cross-Sectional Study.
Author: Ishan, Shivlingesh KK, Agarwal V, Gupta BD, Anand R, Sharma A, Kushwaha S, Khan K.
Journal Name: Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research
Volume: J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Apr;11(4):ZC45-ZC48
Abstract:
Abstract
INTRODUCTION:
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) involves manually excavating the carious part of the tooth and restoring the prepared cavity with chemically adhesive restorative material [Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC)] and it may induce and/or impact the dental anxiety in children. It is well established that ART procedure is less anxiety producing when compared with other restorative procedures using dental drill.
AIM:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety levels among five-year-old children undergoing ART restoration in I.T.S. Dental College, Greater Noida, India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A sample of 50, five-year-old children visiting the Outpatient Department (OPD) of ITS Dental College, Greater Noida was selected for ART treatment using Fuji IX GIC. Modified Venham Anxiety Scale based on their behaviour and heart rate of the children were measured and recorded before, during and after the ART procedure. Heart rate was measured using Radial Pulse examination method. Chi-square test was used and tests were conducted using IBM SPSS software (ver.20.0; IBM, Chicago, IL, USA).
RESULTS:
Before the ART treatment, heart rates and Modified Venham Anxiety Scores of majority of children were higher than that after the treatment. A p-value was statistically significant (0.028 and 0.048 respectively) for association of gender with heart rate and Modified Venham's score before the ART treatment. No statistically significant relation was found between the variables during and after the ART treatment.
CONCLUSION:
The level of anxiety for ART treatment in children was higher before the treatment than that during and after the treatment. There is a correlation between the gender of children and their level of anxiety for ART treatment.
KEYWORDS:
Atraumatic restorative treatment; GIC; Heart rate; Modified Venham scale of anxiety
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